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Diagnostic use of bone biomarkers and drugs affecting bone remodelling

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Review Article

Author Details : Prabhu M.R, Sahajanandha H, Dwajani S

Volume : 3, Issue : 4, Year : 2016

Article Page : 155-161

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Abstract

Bone is a dynamic organ made up of mostly collagen that provides the structure to the skeleton and calcium phosphate that gives strength and hardens the skeleton structure. Bone is constantly renewed by remodeling, a lifelong process consisting of bone resorption (osteoclasts) and formation (osteoblasts) to repair skeletal damage and maintain calcium homeostasis. Several hormones like calcitonin, parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, estrogen, testosterone etc. regulate resorption and formation. Several factors like age, low diet calcium, smoking, certain medications, - glucorticoids, aromatase inhibitors, proton pump inhibitors, immunosuppressant, selective serotonin inhibitors and antiepileptic drugs can influence bone health which are used for long term treatment. Imaging techniques like dual X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), Quantitative computerized tomography (QCT) are available for exact measurement of bone mineral density which helps identifying the fracture risk. Newly, bone biomarkers are known to increase their demand and play an important role in detection of bone loss at early stage. Recent evidence suggests that these markers may be useful in monitoring the response to anti-resorptive therapy. The potential for these markers used along with imaging techniques helps to diagnose bone loss, possibly prior to overt clinical signs. Hence, the aim of the article was to review the diagnosis of bone loss using specific bone biomarkers which can strongly correlate to these classes of drugs causing bone loss at early stage with possible duration of the treatment.

Keywords: Diagnostic marker, Bone biomarkers, Bone health, Medications

How to cite : M.r P, Sahajanandha H, Dwajani S, Diagnostic use of bone biomarkers and drugs affecting bone remodelling. Indian J Pharm Pharmacol 2016;3(4):155-161

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